Investigation of additive incorporation on rheological, microstructural and mechanical properties of 3D printable alkali-activated materials

This study investigates the addition of Poly-vinyl Alcohol (PVA) fibres and attapulgite nanoclay to alkali-activated materials (AAMs) with aim enhancing mechanical performance optimizing printability buildability AAMs. The fresh properties six mix formulations, including flowability, slump values, rheology, shape retention, extrusion window, were evaluated. best performing mixes, that exhibited optimal properties, 3D printed, their performance, microstructure, investigated. 1 wt.-% (i.e. A-1) showed desirable required for printing, as well providing sufficient reinforcement samples. printed A-1 samples an improved flexural compressive strength by 43% 20%, respectively, compared both casted control mixes. Moreover, microstructure analysis, SEM, Rapidair measurement, micro-CT, provided evidence compatibility showing lowest pores anisotropy mixture homogeneity, between